A real estate transaction involves more than just a buyer and a seller shaking hands.

Behind every successful sale is a team of professionals, each of whom plays a unique role in making the process as smooth (and legal) as possible. Whether you’re buying your first home or selling a longtime residence, here’s a breakdown of who’s involved and what you can expect from them.

Real estate agent

For both buyers and sellers, the real estate agent is typically the main point of contact throughout the transaction. These are licensed professionals who understand market conditions, contracts, and how to guide their clients through the closing process. A buyer’s agent helps clients find the right home, negotiate a fair price, and navigate inspections and contingencies. A listing or seller’s agent helps market the property, set an asking price, and field offers.

Mortgage lender or broker

If you’re buying property with a loan, a lender or broker will be a central figure in your transaction. While the former provides funds directly, the latter will help you review various lending options and help you find suitable rates. However you proceed, these parties will guide you through collecting documentation and securing financing as well as preapproval and underwriting.

Home inspector

Once an offer is accepted, most buyers hire a licensed home inspector to assess the condition of the property. This evaluation can uncover hidden issues with the home’s structure, plumbing, electrical systems, roof, and more. Based on the report, buyers may negotiate repairs or request credits before moving forward with the purchase.

Appraiser

As required by most lenders, an appraiser determines the fair market value of a home. They work independently and don’t represent either party in the transaction. If the appraised value comes in lower than the sale price, the buyer may need to renegotiate before agreeing to the purchase.

Title company or real estate attorney

Title companies or real estate attorneys (depending on your state) play a crucial behind-the-scenes role. They verify that the title is clear of liens or disputes, issue title insurance, and facilitate the transfer of ownership. They may also handle the escrow account, which holds funds like earnest money or down payments until closing, all while ensuring that all legal documents are signed and recorded properly.

Escrow officer or closing attorney

Sometimes part of the title company or a separate role, these individuals oversee the final steps of the transaction. They manage the paperwork, confirm that all funds are in place, and guide both parties through signing day. When the deal closes, they disburse the funds and officially record the change in ownership.

As you can see, buying or selling a home is a team effort. Each person involved brings a specific set of skills and responsibilities to the table to help protect your investment and keep things on schedule—and, depending on your unique situation, there may be even more individuals involved in the transaction. The more you understand who’s who and what they do, the more confident you’ll feel every step of the way. And thankfully, you can confide in a real estate agent to walk you through each step and explain how various parties will assist you throughout your journey.